Immigrants in Indiana - Afghanistan: Home

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Language

There are more than 40 languages spoken in Afghanistan.  Dari and Pashto are considered the official languages with Pashto the language used for the national anthem.  Other regional languages including Turkmen, Balochi, Pashayi, Uzbex, and Nuristani.

Population

As of 2021, the population of Afghanistan was 36,643,915.

Ethnic Groups of Afghanistan:

  • Pashtun (Pashto) - They can further be divided into major sub-tribes, such as the Ghilzali and Durrani, and several smaller ones, including the Jaji, Safi, Wardak, Shinwari, Tani, Mohmand, Jardan, Khungiani, and Mangal.
  • Tajik - They are the second largest ethnic group.  They speak a Persian dialect known as Dari.
  • Uzbek - They occupy the Northern region and are the largest Turkic group in Afghanistan.  They speak Uzbek.  
  • Hazara - They occupy the rugged central highland.
  • Aimaq - They live in Western Afghanistan and are a Persian-speaking nomadic tribe.
  • Turkmen
  • Balochi (Baluch)
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Where is Afghanistan?

Land and Climate

Afghanistan is a landlocked country of rugged mountains.  

The most prominent: Hindu Kush, extends about 600 miles (966 kilometers) from the far northeast to the southwest.

Highest mountain range is Mount Noshaq which reaches 24,580 feet (7,492 meters).

Climate

Afghanistan's climate varies according to the elevation and location.  

  • Kabul, the capital city, is located at 5,8373 feet and has cold winters and temperate summers.
  • Jalalabad is located at 1,800 and has a subtropical climate.
  • Kandahar which is situated at 3,500 feet is mild year-round.

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